The Purpose of the Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Purpose of the Corporation - Essay Example The authors assert that although the diverse assumptions of each of the two groups tend to be "logically or intuitively connected to represent it coherent world view, favoring one [group] does not require that we exclude the other." A major purpose of stakeholder theory is to help corporate managers understand their stakeholder environments and manage more effectively within the nexus of relationships that exists for their companies. However, a larger purpose of stakeholder theory is to help corporate managers improve the value of the outcomes of their actions, and minimize the harms to stake-holders. The whole point of stakeholder theory, in fact, lies in what happens when corporations and stakeholders act out their relationships. To this end, we conclude this volume with our view of contributions that stakeholder theory can make to redefine the corporation through a focus on performance measurement. The criticism of stakeholder theory that it cannot define what or who is or is not a stakeholder, as well as the attempts to delimit stakeholders, is perhaps misplaced. In spite of the atomistic nature of early definitions, stakeholder theory embodies in its very nature it relational view of the firm which incorporates the reciprocal dynamics of community, and the theory's power lies in focusing management decision making on the multiplicity and diversity of the relationships within which the corporation has its being and the multipurpose nature of the corporation as a vehicle for enhancing these relationships in their various dimensions. Freeman holds that nothing less than a redefinition of the corporation is needed and, as seen earlier, he recognizes that a redefinition of the corporation requires a redefinition of the self. And, ultimately, such a reconstructed self requires a reconstructed philosophic context within which conceptually to locate its relational nature. Critical Analyses on Milton Friedman's Arguments on "The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits" Friedman is therefore dismissive of any notion of corporate social responsibility: 'The doctrine of social responsibility is fundamentally subversive......there is one andonly one social responsibility of business- to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it engages in open and free competition without deception and fraud" (Friedman, 1970). Milton Friedman1, back in the early 1960s, argued that the one and only social responsibility of a company is to increase its profits He moreover equaled corporate donations with hypocritical window-dressing and tactics approaching fraud. According to his logic, social engineering is doomed to failure for several reasons: corporate managers do not have the necessary skills or expertise to arbitrate between competing claims of different sections of society - such competence is only given to an elected government; corporate managers are not elected and have therefore no political mandate to decide between competing claims for resources - again, such competence i

Philippines Literature Essay Example for Free

Philippines Literature Essay The diversity and richness of Philippine literature evolved side by side with the countrys history. Long before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed or set foot on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race. Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories. Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. LITERATURE: the body of oral and written works, text, books, poetry, etc. these are the several things that concern this subject. we have been exposed to literature ever since we were young. reading, writing, thats what we do. but is this really the essence of literature?  the time i realized that i was going to take up Philippine Literature this semester, i was rather a bit curios about what would be in store for me, for the whole class.  our Literature instructor Ms. Dinah Laguna-Mission is very enthusiastic in teaching us. never came a time that i felt sleepy or bored during our lit. subject. she has a lively voice and pronunciation, lively gestures and the witty use of words were the things i looked forward to every time she came.  at first, i expect that the subject content and the teaching method was just a repetition of what has been taught to us during high school. but i was wrong, the different genre of literature, different devices and ever famous figures of speech were the ones being taught to us. After all the experiences and new knowledge imparted to me, i realized that Literature is not only about just reading the stories, poems, riddles, etc. but either its understanding them deeply. i thank Ms. Mission for imparting this knowledge imparted to me and the whole class for making this journey bearable and truly enjoyable one. it was beyond doubt an accomplishment for us and so, even if i finish the subject Philippines Literature, the things i  learned, the memories and experience will truly mo no matter what. ^_^

Imperial Tobacco Company Analysis

Imperial Tobacco Company Analysis Introduction International business is a term used to collectively describe all commercial transactions (private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation) that take place between two or more nations. Usually, private undertake such transactions for profit; government undertake them for profit, as well as political reasons. Multinational corporations (MNC) are the primary players today in the worlds most dynamic industries and the driving force behind the global economy. Multinational corporations, once made vulnerable to the expropriation of property or blockage of funds, and forbidden to trade with hostile countries and to buy and sell freely the latest high technology and scarce commodities, are now more likely to guide foreign policy than follow it. Every year, the financial flows of international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) diminish in importance relative to the hefty direct and portfolio investments that private investors pour into emerging markets. Many forces, from technology to political ideas, are keeping the global bullet train of consumerism and privatization running. About the company The company chosen to research is Imperial Tobacco (Imperial). The Imperial Tobacco Company was created in 1901 through the amalgamation of thirteen British tobacco and cigarette companies comprising W.D. H.O. Wills of Bristol (the leading manufacturer of the time), John Player Sons of Nottingham and 11 other independent family businesses, which were being threatened by competition from the United States in the form of James Buchanan Duke and his American Tobacco Company. In 1902 the Imperial Tobacco Company and the American Tobacco Company agreed to form a joint venture: the British-American Tobacco Company Ltd. [2] The parent companies agreed not to trade in each others domestic territory and to assign trademarks, export businesses and overseas subsidiaries to the joint venture. American Tobacco sold its share in 1911 but Imperial maintained an interest in British American Tobacco until 1980. Imperial Tobaccos corporate headquarters are in Bristol, England. The Company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The marketing mix, which consists of the 4 Ps; product, price, place and promotion, has been extended to the 8 Ps. This is due to the effect of globalization, which has been used to better accommodate specific aspects of marketing. The elements which have been added are process, people, profit and packaging/physical evidence. The marketing mix was designed as a simple way to focus on the main elements of marketing for a business and to create a marketing strategy either at business, product or campaign level. The marketing mix was designed as a simple way to focus on the main elements of marketing for a business and to create a marketing strategy either at business, product or campaign level. By utilizing the Ps, a MNC can gain competitive advantage over competitors by meeting the customer wants and needs profitably. Product Imperial is focused on manufacturing high quality tobacco products. The portfolio for Imperial consists of international strategic brands, which cater to a variety of international target markets, such as Davidoff, which is sold in over 100 countries worldwide and is particularly strong in Taiwan, Greece and the Middle East, Gauloises Blondes which is a key mid-price brand and can be found in markets worldwide and is an important addition to Imperial Tobaccos international cigarette portfolio. Also, the global brands are complemented by regional and local brands, for example, Classic, aregional cigarette brand in the value segment. It is the number 2 volume brand in Ukraine and also performs well in Turkey. There is also Excellence, which is a well-established cigarette in the sub-Saharan Africa region. The US also is a targeted market of Imperial, with the brands Sonoma and USA Gold being distributed. Lastly, targeting the lower income bracket customers, Imperial developed Windsor B lue, which operates in the economy sector of the UK cigarette market. Thus Imperial has targeted markets worldwide, varying taste and price to gain a higher segment of the market. A major competitor for Imperial is the mega-company British American Tobacco Company (BAT). They are the worlds second largest quoted tobacco group by global market share, with brands sold in more than 180 markets.With over 300 brands in BAT Companys portfolio, they hold robust market positions in each of our regions and have leadership in more than 50 markets. Some of their successful brands are du Maurier (Canada and Trinidad), Craven A (Jamaica) and Black Allen (Germany). Price Price is the generating element amongst the 4 Ps. The price of Imperials products, both for the UK, as well as other countries are suited to do one purposeful thing, satisfy the specified target market profitably. In the UK, the price of the fine cut tobacco, Drum is  £2.85 for a 12.5 gram pouch and a 25 gram pouch is  £5.37. Windsor Blue goes at  £1.75 for a 12.5 gram pouch and a 25 gram pouch goes for  £4.75 for a 25 gram pouch. In the Caribbean, More cigarettes are sold. They are not a famous brand but they sell for  £3.25 (TT $42.25) for a 12.5 gram pack. As mentioned, BAT is the main competitor in the industry. They offer their brands to both the UK and the Caribbean as well. In the UK, they market the brand Dunhill. A 12.5 gram pouch sells for  £3.10 while a 25 gram pouch sells for  £6.15. In the Caribbean, duMaurier sells for  £1.54 (TT $20.00). Place Imperial products reach customers worldwide from their different subsidiaries. Their main method of distribution is indirect, where intermediaries are used. Imperial products are sold in over 160 countries worldwide. Within these countries, there exist over 100 intermediaries in each country, which would supply Imperials economy brands, including super markets, other retailers, different wholesalers, vending machines, clubs, bars and pubs. Thats more than 16,000 middle men, which proves that Imperial uses the method of intensive distribution. However, for the higher end tobacco products, Imperial may choose to use selective distribution, as they are more premium and those products are only for a specific segment of the market. Such products would also be marketed in certain countries, such as Germany, France, the US and Spain. Promotion Imperial uses different forms of promotion to create awareness in the customers for their products and peak their interests. Promotion also helps create that desire for a certain product and finally the purchase. The three main concepts of the promotional mix that Imperial may use are advertisements, sponsorships and sales promotion. Advertisement Imperial uses a high degree of advertisement to create awareness and transfer information to the target market. The degree of advertisement would vary with different countries and cultures. Some countries are more technologically advanced than others. For instance, in India, the cigarette brand Benson Hedges is advertised via flyers, low-budget television ads, radio, billboards and newspapers. However, in the UK, high-tech advertising is utilized in the form of electronic billboards, internet, blimps and subways. BAT uses similar advertising methods, for the brand Wills, which is distributed in both the UK and in India. The methods of advertising for both Imperial and BAT are similar, due to the fact that cigarettes and tobacco products sell to the same markets at relatively the same price. Sponsorships John Player Specials (JPS) is a brand manufactured by Imperial. JPS has always been associated with theLotusFormula Oneteam, andNortonmotorcycleracing team.JPS also sponsored theForsythe Championship Racingteam inChamp Carracing until tobacco advertising in automotive series was banned in 2004. The tobacco brand Winfield, which is manufactured by BAT Australia, sponsors a different sport. They sponsor rugby as well as golf. Winfield has been the title sponsor for theNew South Wales Rugby League premiershipfrom 1982. Sales promotion Both companies, Imperial and BAT, do the same type of sales promotion for their brands, as there is little that can be done to pull persons to buy a product with negative externalities. However, they still offer giveaways, where customers get free items with their purchases. Recently, BAT brought out the new giveaway where winners were getting a trip to London. Imperial are yet to retaliate with a giveaway of their own. It can be noticed that both Imperial as well as the competitor BAT have similar promotional techniques. This is so, as the tobacco industry has no real positives other than giving back to society in the form of money and giveaways. People Customers The target market for Imperial products would consist of adults (persons over the age of 18 in most countries). The products are segmented for taste, income social class and choice. (Mild to light cigarettes, expensive such as Drum, while cost effective, as the Windsor Blue, cigars such as Golden Virginiafine cut tobacco, and lastly, the wide product portfolio that Imperial has, with products internationally sold to satiate the choice of customers. What Imperial does Produce high quality products Work in partnership with our customers to deliver the right product at the right time and at the right price Provide high standards of customer support Stand up for the freedom of our consumers to enjoy our products. Employees The Board of Imperial Tobacco Group PLC, which meets at least five times a year, currently comprises a Non-Executive Chairman, a Non-Executive Deputy Chairman, seven Non-Executive Directors and four Executive Directors, with a clear separation of the roles of Chairman and Chief Executive to ensure an appropriate balance of power and authority. Imperial ensure that employees understand the corporate strategy and business goals, and how each and every one can contribute to the overall success. Imperial values individuality and hard work, looks after its people, creating opportunities for them to develop both individually and as part of a team treats each worker with respect, fairness and understanding Has developed a culture based on openness, trust and integrity; encouraging genuine two-way communication through constructive and honest debate, and placing emphasis on building relationships and sharing information. Process This is the procedure, mechanisms and flow of activities by which services are consumed (customer management processes) are an essential element of the marketing strategy. The final products for Imperial are consumed by adults and are B2C products. Tobacco products are consumed via smoking. The target market is informed of the product via advertising, or word of mouth. Tobacco products contain nicotine, a drug that induces addiction. Before a consumer uses the products of Imperial, there is a certain process that has to be undertaken. First the customer would decide on wanting a certain brand and product. After making the choice on which product to purchase, the buyer would then receive a bill showing the product and the price allocated, which would be received by the customer and paid for. This process would be continued most likely when the consumer wished for more products. Physical evidence This refers to the material aspects of a product. For Imperial, this may refer to the packaging, such as the packets, which carries the companys logo. Imperials webpage also uses the color red, which is their main color. The brochures, and invoices handed out by Imperial also may be evidence of theirs, as their logo would be imprinted on the bill/brochure. Future recommendations Imperial is a company that is doing well in the tobacco industry, but some recommendations can be made, so that more can be achieved. Further increase the volume of cigarettes made, to achieve even a greater market share, revenue and profits. Develop new products, to gain new market share and higher profits. Such products could be a new brand of cigarettes, or going into the new market of snus. Increase means of promotion, as presently, the company is lacking in substantial promotion, thus consumers would be unaware of their existence, and possibly their successful brands. Setting up other subsidiaries in lesser developed countries, as to increase strength in the market, as well as to create employment and be helpful to other countries environment and people. (Corporate responsibility). Conclusion Imperial has well utilized it marketing mix to gain overseas growth. It has made itself one of the most successful MNCs to date as they have not faltered in maximizing the concepts of the marketing mix. Bibliography British American Tobacco Company Profile on LinkedIn. Relationships Matter | LinkedIn. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2009. . Dictionaries, Oxford. Concise Oxford English Dictionary: 11th Edition Revised 2008 (Dictionary). 11 Revised ed. New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 2008. Print. Hill, Charles W. L.. International Business. 8 ed. New York: Mcgraw Hill Higher Education, 2010. Print. Hill, John S.. International Business: Managing Globalization. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc, 2008. Print. Imperial Tobacco Group PLC About us History Company today (1996 present). Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2009. . Imperial Tobacco Group PLC About us History Company today (1996 present). Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2009. . Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. Imperial Tobacco Group PLC. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. . Marketing Teacher Homepage. Marketing Teacher Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . TwitterButtons.com. Business Coaching. Business Coaching. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2009. . www.bata.com.au Gateway Page. www.bata.com.au Gateway Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Dec. 2009. . References http://www.imperial-tobacco.com/index.asp?page=56newsid=1145 2http://www.bat.com/group/sites/uk__3mnfen.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO52AK34/$FILE/medMD7QMM9J.pdf?openelement

Citizenship in America :: Law Legal

Citizenship in the United States of America, the country whose streets are paved in gold, signifies every individual's dream. Food for empty stomachs, medicine for the sick, care for the elderly, shelter for the homeless, and warmth for the cold represent necessities guaranteed to every American. America is the envy of other nations because of the freedom it offers to its people. Furthermore, the American citizens aid other countries, like Afghanistan, so that their citizens too can experience the liberties Americans enjoy. Few Americans realize the extent of their privileges. It is unacceptable for any American citizen to complain and find faults in America instead of appreciating the rights they are afforded. The government has the capacity and the means to take care of every citizen ranging from prisoners to widows. Complaining about certain disparities is just not fair. Citizenship in America is important because no matter where you come from, you will be accepted. America is the only country where Europeans, Africans, Asians, Australians, and South/Central Americans can all share legal equality. America is a country filled with hundreds of heritages that form its unique and colorful background. Due to our founding fathers, America won?t ever experience communism or dictatorship. Our country?s government is cleverly set up so that the three branches control and limit each other?s power. Citizens of America will live a guaranteed life of liberty. America allows the citizens power to participate in its judicial administration, entitles one to vote, and to have a say in political affairs. Every individual plays a role in the nation?s future. America has so much to bestow upon its people, and a

DESIGNING CURRICULUM FOR THE PRESCHOOL

Main focal point of this paper will be sketching how to make a course of study that is child-centered and handles every kid ‘s demands in each and every developmental country such as physical country, emotional, creativeness and cognitive facets of kids aged 3-8 old ages old. II. The preschool educational criterions in America. A. How the criterions helps the instructors. B. Lesson Plans. C. Factors to see while planing a good course of study III. Integrating other activities such as games, tourneies and teamwork in the Curriculum. A. Choosing relevant criterions and subjects. B. Sing several thoughts when planing and be aftering larning for immature kids. C. Elementss to see while planing a good course of study. IV. Early Childhood doctrines. A. Requirements of Early Childhood Doctrines B. Research and its findings. C. Subject theoretical account. V. How to efficaciously utilize math in schoolrooms for good acquisition. VI. Decision VII. Reconfirmed Thesis: A good lineation of an educational course of study consequences to good instruction and acquisition in preschool, and managing the demands of every kid. Planing Curriculum for the Preschool The early childhood pedagogue should hold necessary accomplishments in planing course of study criterions that are based on appropriate developmental facets in a kid. It is besides imperative to hold lesson programs that meet and are guided by specific criterions of kindergarten in every province. This is because in the United States, larning in early childhood tends to vary and are distinguishable from one province to the other. However, there are common subjects that can be found among the changing early childhood acquisition criterions. In United States, preschool acquisition criterions are subdivided into developmental sensitive curricular in different facets such as linguistic communication proficiency, development in literacy facets, originative humanistic disciplines, and societal surveies. In each standard country, there are other divided criterions that are conceptualized through specific constructs and thoughts. For case, a scientific discipline topic may be sub-divided int o standard constructs such as biological science, physical scientific discipline, and environmental scientific discipline. Furthermore, these sub-divided constructs may every bit good be categorized into smaller constructs such as clime and conditions, workss and animate beings among others. Standards of Preschool or early childhood course of study should be designed in such a manner that it should integrate the diverse nature of the kids. Every kid ‘s demands should be incorporated and should non be left out in the designing of the preschool course of study. The intent of this research paper is to look into all the facets of preschool educational course of study and to convey all facets of early childhood instruction including theories, doctrines, and constructs into position. This paper gives focal point to kids aged between 3-8 old ages. The chief focal point of this paper will be sketching how to make a course of study that is child-centered and handles every kid ‘s demands in each and every developmental country such as physical country, emotional, creativeness, and cognitive facets of a kid. It is imperative to observe that many provinces in America offer thoughts in necessary illustrations and patterns that are critical in back uping each specified criterion. This is of import in assisting instructors in understanding the set criterions and transforming and interpreting it in planning of lessons. This paper imposes criterions for pre-kindergarten as a theoretical account for this paper, in making a lesson program that is standard based. It is of import to observe that lesson planning is a critical constituent in instruction in daily maps of a schoolroom. A lesson program that has a strong construction can be critical in making and prosecuting even to the toughest pupils while at the same clip giving challenges to the pupils who are most talented. A good lesson program acts as a design and sets up the foundation for educational supporters to make pupils who are characterized to hold a broad assortment of larning manners. Schools in both private and public scenes can accomplish an effectual lesson program through pattern. A good and strategic planning of a lesson can integrate contents of a simple instructor ‘s usher and thenceforth guaranting that larning for every pupil is maximized. The key to the success of be aftering a lesson purely lies in effectual action research. An effectual lesson program addresses both today ‘s high criterions and the differentiated manners of acquisition of each pupil. In making a good preschool course of study, one must first place and use the right scheme for every course of study design. Planing a course of study that incorporates direct instructions by making inquiries that are designed to take pupils through the necessary stairss that aid in content comprehension is necessary. Planing indirect instructions that guide pupils to get the hanging contents through geographic expedition of common constructs, footings, informations, and events properties. When making a course of study for preschool, it is necessary to guarantee that the course of study aids pupils in previewing, predicting, and placing relevant stuffs. Another method that can be incorporated in course of study design for preschool is grouping kids to make partnerships, which can reciprocally profit them. Theories of larning assert that kids learn efficaciously while in groups/teams. Course of study interior decorators can plan the course of study in a manner that the content command in the lessons may be through the usage of games, tourneies, and squads. When suitably applied, a good preschool course of study can do a deadening stuff to be appealing therefore doing larning for kids interesting. It is of import for instructors to set into consideration that it is non entirely a necessity to take one peculiar criterion when developing a criterion based lesson program. Choosing one criterion when developing a lesson program merely works efficaciously when developing a lesson for merely one activity. However, when developing a one-week-long subject, it is critical to use and administrate a broad scope of countries. Thereafter, an early childhood instructor should set into consideration what other contents constructs can be added every bit good. Other facets that can be included in an effectual preschool course of study may include, among others, ocular and originative humanistic disciplines, graphical designs in instance it ‘s a math lesson, fiction and non-fiction books reading on facets such as conditions or one can every bit good expression and survey maps in instances the lesson is societal surveies or geographics. This impression is in line with the behaviourist theo ry where behaviourists acknowledge the fact that acquisition is finite. They continue to asseverate that acquisition is open, discernible, and mensurable utilizing empirical methods. This aspect fronts the thought that larning is best when alterations are observed in the scholar. It is every bit of import to see several thoughts when planing and be aftering larning for immature kids. It is of import to supply activities undertakings and subjects that are suited to the age and individualised demands of each kid. Several elements can besides be put into position. Such elements include a ) . Age rightness ; the ages for the kids should be considered and incorporated into the plan. Any individual age group, for case 4 year-olds, has distinguishable demands from a group of kindergartners who have mixed age group. The course of study should be designed in such a manner that is suited for the development of each age group by offering a broad assortment of appropriate activities. Thereafter, the demands group ends should be set after measuring the demands of that peculiar age group. B ) . Individual rightness ; the early childhood instructor should believe about every kid ‘s development and focal point should be made towards these demands. It is deserving observing that theories assert that kids tend to follow similar growing forms, it is merely the clip frame for each kid that differs. Each kid ‘s involvements, his/her abilities, and background of the household should be good understood prior to run intoing the demands for each kid. Theories assert that acquisition is best when old cognition is the foundation of new information since new cognition is built on old information. Child-centered planning should be necessitated in such a manner that focal point is made on a kid ‘s mundane experiences. This will in bend imply when a kid is developing and turning more independently, so will the child become egoistic. This will in bend make the instructors to spread out learning programs, degree Celsius ) . Family and civilization ; kids should non mee t separation from household and civilization. It is of import for instructors to plan activities that are taken into consideration the wants of households and their values. It is every bit of import to affect parents in planing the curricular since different households have different ways of doing meaningful parts. However, there are households that would non wish to be involved, yet others would desire to be involved. Those that wish to be involved should non be disappointed, as they will do any necessary parts, vitamin D ) . What the instructor values as of import should be given ample considerations when planing a course of study. The instructor should analyse his/her ain involvements, his/her ain personal doctrine and he/she should non bury seting the plans philosophy into position, vitamin E ) . Passages should be effected in planing a course of study for the preschool. Factors such as the agendas for each twenty-four hours and the twenty-four hours ‘s length should impac t the designing of the course of study. Passages are times that take topographic point between different activities, which may at times interfere with the flow of drama. The course of study should avoid excessively many passages and the preschool kids should be given ample clip to be good engaged in their drama. The passages should every bit good be held swimmingly, degree Fahrenheit ) . Parents and instructors that are critical in the course of study should take subjects. Necessary subjects that are existent in a kid ‘s life should be applied. Undertakings and activities that are closely associated with a kid ‘s place environment, vicinity should be administered in the course of study. As the kid keeps on turning, so is his/her involvements, therefore necessary accommodations should be made in concurrence with the growing. The maximal clip that a subject should last should be a upper limit of one hebdomad. It is besides necessary to guarantee that subjects flow and inst ructors should observe the growing in kids ‘s involvements. This can be done through observations and paying attending to the non-verbal communicating in a kid ‘s activities. Children can be helped to develop growing and accomplishments through planning and showing a assortment of stuffs, which may include books, images, activities, and exploratory undertakings. One of the early doctrines of early childhood instruction known as the High/Scope was incorporated in the United States in 1960. The doctrine is based on Jean Piaget ‘s thoughts that kids should be actively involved in their ain acquisition. Children learn best through making, most frequently working best with custodies on stuffs and chose undertakings they can manage. This therefore means that the grownups who are working with the kids should comprehend themselves as facilitators or spouses than directors or supervisors. This is in line with the theory of humanists, which backs the impression that acquisition is best done when the scholars have desires to larn. The potency of growing of an individualised scholar is unbounded. Learners should hence be empowered to be independent in commanding their acquisition procedure, therefore, larning should non be non be done for them. High/Scope doctrine ensures that all the facets of a kid ‘s development are encompassed and instructors and parents are actively involved in giving support for a kid ‘s emotional, rational, societal, and physical abilities and accomplishments. Therefore, when planing a preschool course of study, it is compulsory to set into consideration all the attacks that are advocated for by the High/ Scope doctrine. High/Scope doctrine should be a usher in footings of denominating different countries for different activities. Children are hence supposed to entree all the necessary installations independently and hence should be responsible for the usage of these countries. A research was conducted to place whether the High/Scope is an effectual manner of preschool acquisition. David Weikart, who evaluated 128 kids in a randomised mode. Sixty-four pupils were subjected into intervention group, while a control group of 64 pupils was non subjected into intervention. Before initialising the research, Weikart ensured that the preschool and the control groups were tantamount in footings of rational public presentations and demographic traits. The consequences were so important since the kids who were subjected to the intervention showed superior feedback as compared to their equals who were non subjected to randomise intervention. Mathematicss construct is used as a theoretical account in this paper. Teaching mathematics in early childhood is really good to a kid ‘s development. It is imperative to observe that the kid acquires foundation for important development during the early old ages. Therefore, this paper give focal point on the importance of larning in the country of math. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics emphasis the importance of larning math early among kids by asseverating that a high-quality and challenging every bit good as accessing mathematics instruction by supplying the chance with necessary foundations for understanding mathematics in their hereafter lives. The National Association besides fronted this thought for the Education of Young Children. The two organisations assert that early instruction in math is of import in the development cognitive facets of kids in multiple countries. By presenting a course of study in math that based on research, preschool instructors ca n efficaciously help immature scholars to turn. One manner of guaranting effectual math larning takes topographic point in a schoolroom is by guaranting that the course of study is based on experiences that are specific to the kids in the schoolroom. Necessary words and stuffs that are relevant and familiar to the kids in respect to the old cognition, background of the community and their cultural importance should be put into consideration. The course of study should guarantee that the interactions are extended and sustained in respect to the math constructs. Math activities should be pre-planned and added where they deem fit in the lesson program. It is besides critical to incorporate and absorb math larning into other countries of the course of study. This will guarantee that kids are exposed to math in all their countries of acquisition and in this respect, kids will cognize that math surrounds every facet of their lives. The course of study should be designed in such a manner that it makes larning to be fun, and an synergisti c procedure that encompasses other larning countries such as literacy, art, music, and physical instruction. Teachers should besides integrate the right vocabulary for math that is ideal for immature kids. For case, instructors can utilize words such as geometry while presenting forms as this will linger for a long clip in a kid ‘s head. In decision, quality experiences of larning in kids are good enhanced by a course of study that is planned right. The course of study interior decorators should take activities, undertakings, and subjects that are necessary in run intoing the demands of the diverse kids. Appropriate consideration should be harmonizing to the age of the pupils so they are given contents that they can easy get the hang and grok. The course of study interior decorators should besides guarantee that the demands of parents and/or defenders are absorbed, and that they are in line with household differences and cultural heritage of every kid. Teachers should ne'er deter early childhood scholars in respect to their age, gender from any peculiar subject or schoolroom activity. In planing a course of study for preschool kids, educational theories, doctrines, and constructs should be taken into consideration.

Marketing Essay

For any entrepreneur, marketing is an important component for the success of all businesses. Marketing can be identified as the process in which any business informs, satisfy and keep possessions of its customers. It is the main ingredient to bringing in customers to increase profits for a business. Many may think that marketing is as simple as advertisements and promotions but in the real business world to be successful, marketing is a bit more complex. A business needs a solid marketing plan to succeed and also to show the investors the company is able to return the investment the investors have given. For an entrepreneur to master the marketing skill the individual must understand the marketing mix. Marketing mix is the combination of the elements of marketing and what roles each element plays in promoting your products and services and delivering those products and services to your customers (about. com). Elements of Marketing Mix The marketing mix has four elements and until recently there have been a few new added elements which are referred to the 4 ps or the 7 ps of marketing mix. The 4 ps of marketing are product, place, price, and promotion and the additional p’s are process, people and physical evidence. When looking at it from a business sense of view it make a lot of sense because even though the added p’s can be explained in the original 4 ps, they each can stand alone. For instance process can be looked at as the protocol used by businesses for the marketing strategies and people can be seen as what they used to explain in debt the product or services. Last but not least physical evidence is what most consumers today go by which shows firsthand that a product or services does work. Product is the product and services offered to your customer, and how they are different from the competitors’ products. Businesses also have to make sure when offering a product to their customers it has to have the correct features meaning it must look good and work well and have enough to go around. Price is described as how you price your product or service so that your price remains competitive but still allows you to make a profit. In pricing businesses should also keep their targeted market in mind ensuring it is affordable to them and potential future customers. Place is describe as the distribution or where your business sells its products or services and how it gets those products or services to your customers. Place is very important because a business would want to make sure that their goods and services arrive when and where they are needed. For the promotion element it is the methods used to communicate the features and benefits of your products or services to your target customers. In today market promotion is made easier because your targeted consumer can be reached by the push of a button. With that being said businesses should keep technique and deliverance of the product and services offered into consideration also. The fifth p in marketing mix is described as people and is how your level of service and the expertise of the people who work for you can be used to set your business apart from the competitors. With the majority of products and services being offered by the click of a button, most consumers tend to rely on reviews to help them decide. If the business does not have the right people that look professional and have good ethics with the knowledge of the product or services they are selling it can hurt the business extremely. Which brings us to the saying a first impression last. Organization The Atlanta barber and beauty supply company or ABBS is an organization that supplies barber and beauty shops all around the country. They have been in business serving professional barber shops since 1946 with new, used and antique barber supplies and equipment. It is specifically marketed to the licensed barber or beautician shop owners. Just like any other organization ABBS has used the four elements of marketing mix to assist in the marketing strategy. For the product element the company has shown how each of their products are of great professional quality and last for years. Even though they sell top quality products, they also provide lower end products for those that maybe not willing or able to spend as much. They sell the same products as their competitors but they have a wider variety of clippers and shears in stock that are antiques. This allows them to provide their products to a larger consumer group from the older shops to the younger and ever changing shops. The company takes pride in having any kind of hair products in stock. Some barbers have specialty shops that only cater to an older market and likes nostalgic products and equipment to make their shop look and feel like the barber shops of the past, and ABBS has these products and items in stock and can ship them anywhere all around the world. This element does not affect the development of the company’s marketing strategy because it helps it by making sure the company keeps plenty of stock of their products. This element also gives the company a reason to look at other countries hair products to see what new products are being made and used in that country that can be sold to that market in the future. In the price element this affects the marketing strategy of the business by making the company decide how to price their products without making the price to expensive but attractive to customers to gain more customers than the competitors. The prices for the products are at competitive rates but lower than other barber supply companies because they give discounts to the owners of the barber shops. They also give a discount on shipping on all items purchased $60 and over. That is a strategy to bring in and keep more customers to use their internet website. The place element/distribution element for the ABBS is placed in 186 Mitchell St. S. W. Atlanta, GA that is the main building set for distribution of all barber and beauty products. The company utilizes its internet website by offering its products via e-commerce to a worldwide market. This affects the company’s marketing strategy and tactics in a good way by broadening their market to attract more customers. The more the clients they can generate worldwide the more the companies’ profits will increase. The internet is the best tool to advertise a business and its products these days, because of its power to reach a mass amount of people around the world in a matter of seconds. They also use catalogs to keep their existing customers updated on new products and price and can also be a good way of keeping them in the loop of new adventures to come. In past years the radio and TV ads were the top marketing tool for businesses, but it came with an expensive price to get a radio or TV ad spot it also only reached a local market so small businesses were stuck only doing business domestically. The internet made it easier and cheaper for mainly anyone to advertise anything to anyone all around the world. Now the company distributes its products from the main building in Atlanta to thousands of clients in many different countries. The ABBS Company has developed policies for its internet clients that are overseas; it also ships to APO/FPO addresses. In the promotion element the company communicates through the internet to advertise its products it also sends out catalog magazines to all new barbershops that are listed in the phone books of each city. The company is a top search when searched on Google. ABBS promotes the business in all forms of the marketing aspect, from newspaper ads, magazines, radio/TV ads, and the internet. Conclusion In conclusion new entrepreneurs understand that the marketing mix is a good tool to use when planning the marketing strategy of the business. It shows that these strategies are ever evolving with time and for a business to be and keep being successful their approach to cater to their consumer must also evolve. After identifying the four elements of marketing mix which are product, price, place, and promotion I was able to describe how each element affected the development of the company’s market strategy and tactics. I also described how each of the four elements was implemented for the business, and identified the industry in which ABBS exists.