Multiple Sclerosis Essay -- Diseases, Disorders

Multiple sclerosis, also known as MS, is one of humankind’s most mysterious diseases. No one knows the exact cause and there is no exact treatment. Still multiple sclerosis has the ability to affect nearly 3 million people worldwide and at least 500,000 people in the United States (Boroch). This disease tends to be more common in individuals of northern European descent and women are more than twice as likely to develop multiple sclerosis as men. Of those 3 million people, most of them are between the ages of 20 and 50 years old (Dangond). Even though multiple sclerosis is a mystery disease, scientists are working to determine the exact cause and treatment. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that involves the different areas of the central nervous system, CNS- the brain and spinal cord (Dangond). Within the central nervous system there are cells that are covered with a protective myelin. In people with MS, the myelin sheaths around the cells begin to deteriorate and the nerve fibers, also known as axons, which are normally protected by the myelin, end up being destroyed (Boroch). After a while scar tissue is replaced where the myelin breaks down, hence the name multiple sclerosis or many scars (Boroch).When the nerve fibers are destroyed they begin to lose their ability to conduct signals and communicate with the other neighboring nerve cells. Without this ability, the nerve cells that make up the central nervous system cannot communicate with the rest of the body (Blackstone). The loss or slow down of these signals impairs such functions like vision, strength, and coordination. Scientists don’t clearly know what causes the damage to the nerve cells, but they believe that it might be caused by confusion in an individua... ... (Stauffer). The good news is that technology has thrived over the years and scientists are trying to determine new treatments every day. It won’t be long till there is a known cause and a successful treatment. It is important that people who are affected with multiple sclerosis don’t give up because a cure will come. Works Cited Blackstone, Margaret. The First Year--multiple Sclerosis: An Essential Guide for the Newly Diagnosed. 2nd ed. New York: Marlowe, 2007. Print. Boroch, Ann. Healing Multiple Sclerosis: Diet, Detox & Nutritional Makeover for Total Recovery. Los Angeles: Quintessential Healing,, 2007. Print. Dangond, MD, Fernando. "MedicineNet.com." MedicineNet. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. . Stauffer, Melissa. Understanding Multiple Sclerosis. Jackson: University of Mississippi, 2006. Print.

Jim and His Father Essay

How would you describe Jim’s self-concept? I noticed that Jim has a negative image about himself. Jim believes that his father has a unrealistic expectation of him. 2) How is self-concept affecting the interaction? Is it helping it? Hindering it? Explain using concepts from the text. Jim having a negative self-concept is really bothering him. While his dad is telling him he isn’t trying hard enough he actually thinks that no matter how hard he does study he still wont do well. 3) Using the process of human perception starting on page 64. Explain the situation from your perspective as a student. Selection-â€Å"We attend to certain stimuli based on a number of factors† (Wood, 2012, p.65). â€Å"We notice things that stand-out, because they are larger, more intense, or more unusual than other phenomena† (Wood, 2012, p.65). When I read this and see the video I see that Jim’s father isn’t seeing that Jim is actually trying hard to get good grade, he is just having some hard time..Organization-â€Å"Once we have selected what to notice, we have to make sense of it† (Wood, 2012, p.66). â€Å"Prototypes, personal constructs, stereotypes, and scripts are cognitive schemata that we use to organize our perceptions of people and phenomena† (Wood, 2012, p.66). I seen in the video that Jim knows that he is actually going to need to study a lot harder and more to bring his grade up to make his dad happy. Interpretation-â€Å"Is the subjective process of explaining our perceptions in ways that makes sense to us† (Wood, 2012, p.70). Attribution â€Å"is an explanation of why something happened or why someone acts a certain way† (heider, 1958; Kelley, 1967; Manusov & Spitzberg, 2008). I think that Jims father is being hard on Jim because his dad paid for college on his own and it was not hard for him to get good grades. Attributional error-â€Å"Researchers have identified a common error that people make in their attributions† (Wood, 2012, p.71). â€Å"Self-serving bias this is a bias toward ourselves and our interests we tend to avoid taking responsibility for negative actions and failures by attributing them to external, unstable, and specific factors that are beyond personal control† (Wood, 2012, p.71). The  best example I seen in the movie is when Jim states that no matter how hard he does study he will still get bad grades because of how hard his classes actually are. 4) Using the guidelines for improving perception and communication starting on page 79 of the text, provide at least two tips for both Jim and his father on how to handle the situation in an effective way. Make sure to incorporate the text guidelines with proper in-text citations to support your points. Jim’s father 1) Distinguish between facts and interferences-â€Å"A fact is based on observation. An interference involves an interpretation that goes beyond the facts† (Wood, 2012, p. 81). Jims dad assumed that because jim is not making good grades , instead he is goofing off with his friends more. I think instead of yelling at him for goofing off he should ask what he can do to help. 2) Guard against the self-serving bias-â€Å"Because the self-serving bias can distort perceptions, we need to monitor it carefully† (Wood, 2012, p.82). I think that Jims dad needs to stop yelling at him because he is not as good as he is when he was in school. Jim 1) Guard against the fundamental attribution error-â€Å"This occurs when we over estimate the internal causes of others undesirable behavior and underestimate the external causes, and when we underestimate the internal causes of our own failings or bad behaviors and overestimate the external causes† (Wood, 2012, p.82). With Jim’s dad underestimating him it causes Jim to underestimate what he can do. Jim feels like he will never be able to make his dad proud of him. 2) Avoid mind reading-â€Å"Mind reading assuming we understand what another person thinks, feels, or perceives† (Wood, 2012, p.82). Jim knows that his dad is constantly on him about his grades. So when he calls home he knows that his grades are going to come up during the conversation.

Rape Culture in the Media Essay - 750 Words

â€Å"Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture† (1a) Today you cant turn the television on without hearing references to rape culture. Jokes about sexual abuse plague every sitcom and news channels question rape victim’s every move. Even entire shows are dedicated to the topic such as Law and Order SVU. The media trivializes rape leading to a rape culture in America. Despite rape culture being clearly relevant in most all forms of media, many people choose to argue against it. Many point to the fact that even if rape is a common crime it is still considered especially heinous. Others complain that rape culture is too much†¦show more content†¦Shows like Game of Thrones can’t get through one episode without showing off a woman’s body or implying rape (5a). Even sitcoms like â€Å"Two Broke Girls† join in on it. This is especially surprising as the show is about two women and co-created by a woman. It sports such jokes as, â€Å"Stop fighting it, give in to it. I don’t know why I’m quoting a rapist.† and â€Å"Somebody date raped me and I didn’t think I would live through it but now I’m stronger and still needy.† (6a). Most people would just laugh the joke off and think nothing of it. Walter Moseley, said â€Å"Rape Culture exists because we don’t believe it does.† (6a). In a study conducted in 2009 by David Lesak and Paul M. Miller, they found that male college students would admit to raping others as long as the word rape wasn’t used in the questionnaire (6a). This is a byproduct of rape jokes in the media which trivialize rape and make rapists themselves not correlate what they did to rape. Along with television shows, news stations are accused of trivializing rape aswell. How many times have you heard, â€Å"She asked for it.† or any other type of victim blaming, or a derivative of,â€Å"Boys will be boys.† to make rape seem like not such a big deal (1a)? News channels will even go as far as scrutinizing a victim’s dress, mental state, motives and history to make the victim seem in the wrong about their rape (1a). Some channels will inflate the fake rape statistics to make rape seem like a lessShow MoreRelatedRape Culture : Rape And The Media1779 Words   |  8 PagesRape Culture (Rape in the Media) â€Å"In the minds of many high school boys, rape isn t always wrong. 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